Question Answer The dependent variable is measure two or more times for each individual in a single sample. The same group of subjects is used in all of the treatment conditions. Repeated-Measures Design or Within-Subject Design Each individual in one sample is matched with an individual in the other sample. The matching is done so …
Question Answer MEAN Sum of the data entries divided by the number of entries. (Average) MEDIAN The middle data when the data set is sorted in ascending or descending order (Middle) MODE The data entry that occurs with the greatest freq. (Most) OUTCIER Data entry that is "far" removed the other entries in a data …
Question Answer statistics The science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions. In addition, statistics is about providing a measure of confidence in any conclusions. data Facts or propositions used to draw a conclusion or make a decision. The list of observed values for a variable. anecdotal the information …
Question Answer What is a raw score A data point that has not been transformed or analyzed What is a frequency distribution the pattern of a set of numbers by displaying a count or proportion for each possible variable What is a frequency table a visual depiction of data that shows how often each value …
Question Answer What is a variable any observation of a physical, attitudinal or behavioral characteristic that can take on values What is a discrete observation can take on only specific values–whole #– no other values can exist between these numbers What is a continuous observation can take on a full range of values–number out several …
Question Answer a statistic is? a summary of data a field of statistics is? the collecting, analysing and understanding of data measured with uncertainty what is a categorical variable? one which is measured descriptively eg: hair colour or major at university what is a define quantitative variable? one which is measured numerically: time it takes …
Question Answer Traditionalism 1) Social Science is not a hard Science 2) Humans are too complex for quantification 3) Historical, anecdotal, journalistic approach Behavioralism (aka Basic Research) 1) There are regularities to permit generlizations 2) Explicit, Replicable, neutral methods 3) Priority: hypothesis testing to build theories Goal: highly predictive interlocking theories Applied Research (Post-Behaviorialism or …
Question Answer Sample individuals selected to represent the population Population all possible individuals which a study may apply to. parameter numerical value that replaces characteristic of a population Statistic Numerical value that describes a characteristic of a sample Variable Characteristic that changes within the same individual or between different individuals Sampling Error Numeric difference that …
Question Answer 6.2 uniform distribution values spread evenly over the range of possibilities Standard normal distribution normal probability distribution with mean=0 and stand. deviation=1 normal cdf probability inv.norm. z-score 6.3 z score formula x-mean/stand. dev. Standard error of the mean o x mean/square root of n Sample of Values _ x-mean/stand.Dev./Sqare root of n 7.2 …
Question Answer what is the mean of z score distribution 0 what is the standard deviation of z score distribution 1 under what conditions will our distribution be normal? as the sample size increases, the shape of the distribution becomes more like the normal curve calculate z-scores what information effects standardized error? sample size, variability …